Vocabulary Day 2

1. Landslide - An overwhelming outcome, most often a unexpected victory in politics.

Hint: It was a landslide victory in the sense that many more people had voted than we expected and the majority of them voted for us.

The downward sliding of a relatively dry mass of earth and rock.
An overwhelming majority of votes for a political party or candidate.


Related words - victory, triumph.

Synonyms - landslip, slide, mudslide, rock slide, avalanche, rockfall. 

Landslide in sentence 
He won last month's presidential election by a landslide.

The storm caused landslides and flooding.

2. Stun - To amaze; to astound; to shock; to render speechless; to incapacitate, most often for only a short moment.

Hint: We were all stunned when we learned that he was the prince in disguise; we all stood there agape, not knowing what to say or do.

1. To daze or render senseless, by or as if by a blow.

2. To overwhelm or daze with a loud noise.

3. To stupefy, as with the emotional impact of an experience; astound.

Synonyms - 1.   Stupefy, immobilize,     "The sudden storm immobilized the traffic"

                    2.   Sandbag - hit something or somebody as if with a sandbag.

                          Hit - deal a blow to, either with the hand or with an instrument; "He hit her hard in the                               face"

                     3.  overcome as with astonishment or disbelief; "The news stunned her"                                                       bedaze, daze

                         desensitise, desensitize - cause not to be sensitive; "The war desensitized many                                     soldiers"; "The photographic plate was desensitized"

3. Cohesion - Tendency to keep together or stick together; the inter molecular forces that hold liquid or solid molecules together.

Hint: The root word cohere means to cling, to cleave, to adhere.

1. The act, process, or condition of cohering: exhibited strong cohesion in the family unit.

2. Physics The intermolecular attraction by which the elements of a body are held together.

3. Botany The congenital union of parts of the same kind, such as a calyx of five united sepals.

Synonyms - Coherence, coherency, cohesiveness, connectedness, connection, link, consistency, continuity.  

example -1.  "the connection between church and state is inescapable"

2. "a rambling argument that lacked any consistency"

In Botany - the process in some plants of parts growing together that are usually separate (such as petals)

phytology, botany -  the branch of biology that studies plants

growing, growth, ontogenesis, ontogeny, maturation, development - the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children"

In physics-  the inter molecular force that holds together the molecules in a solid or liquid

natural philosophy, physics - the science of matter and energy and their interactions; "his favorite subject was physics"

force - (physics) the influence that produces a change in a physical quantity; "force equals mass times acceleration"

4. Reprieve - A postponement or cancellation of a punishment; a pardon, usually temporary.

Hint: The reprieve that he received was good news; he had been in the county jail for over a week, and so to get out and feel the sun on his face was wonderful.

1. To postpone or cancel the punishment of.

2. To bring relief to.

3. Postponement or cancellation of a punishment

4. A warrant for such an action.

5. Temporary relief, as from danger or pain.

Synonyms -   Respite, Relief, Ease

the condition of being comfortable or relieved (especially after being relieved of distress); "he     enjoyed his relief from responsibility"; "getting it off his conscience gave him some ease"

Abatement, Hiatus, Respite, Suspension

Break, Interruption - some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity; "the telephone is an annoying interruption"; "there was a break in the action when a player was hurt"

Defervescence - abatement of a fever as indicated by a reduction in body temperature

Remission, Subsidence, Remittal - an abatement in intensity or degree (as in the manifestations of a                                                            disease); "his cancer is in remission"

warrant - a writ from a court commanding police to perform specified acts

law, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"

respite

mercy, clemency, mercifulness - leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice; "he threw himself on the mercy of the court"

law, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"

postpone, prorogue, put off, defer, set back, shelve, table, put over, remit, hold over - hold back to a later time; "let's postpone the exam"

rescue, deliver - free from harm or evil

5. Hypothetical - Based on assumptions; not grounded in facts but based on speculation

Hint: The word 'hypothetical' is derived from the Greek word 'hypothesis', which means, 'assumption'.

1. Of, relating to, or based on a hypothesis: "a hypothetical situation." 

2.

a. Suppositional; uncertain. 

b. Conditional; contingent.

         3. Assumed or thought to exist
         4. existing only as an idea or concept "a time machine is a hypothetical device"

Synonyms - hypothesis, theory, possibility - a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena; "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory"; "he proposed a fresh theory of alkalis that later was accepted in chemical practices"

conjectural, hypothetic, suppositional, suppositious, supposititious, divinatory, supposed
theoretic, theoretical - concerned primarily with theories or hypotheses rather than practical considerations; "theoretical science"
theoretical, supposed, academic, assumed, imaginary, speculative, putative, conjectural a purely hypothetical question

Antonyms  - known, real, proven, true, established, confirmed, actual

6. Buffoon - 1. A clown; a jester: a court buffoon.

2. A person given to clowning and joking.

3. A ludicrous or bumbling person; a fool.

Synonyms - merry andrew, clown, goof, goofball comedian, comic -a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comical acts.

harlequin - a clown or buffoon. 

jester, motley fool, fool - a professional clown employed to entertain a king or nobleman in the Middle Ages.

whiteface - a clown whose face is covered with white make-up.

zany - a buffoon in one of the old comedies; imitates others for ludicrous effect.

7. Recipe - Directions for making something; a step-by-step ordering of activities that must be performed in a specific order to attain a desired end product.

Hint: The recipe called for 1 camel, 2 goats, 200 kilos of rice, and plenty of vegetables; I still can't believe that we managed to cook a camel feast for 200 people.

Synonyms -  formula (directions for making something)  

instruction, direction - a message describing how something is to be done; "he gave directions faster than she could follow them"

8. Chant - To repeat verbally over and over again; to sing.

Hint: The protesters kept on on chanting to release the activist from prison, and after several hours, the government had to succumb to the persistent demands of the crowd.

Synonyms - Cantillate, intonate, intone, singsong, sing, chorus, recite .

eg:-  The monks were chanting their prayers. 

9.  Ameliorate - To improve; to lessen discomfort. To make or become better; improve

Hint: In an effort to ameliorate its pain from the deep wound, the pig rolled in the mud.

Synonyms - to make better; "The editor improved the manuscript with his changes":- improve, meliorate, amend, better, alleviate, relieve, palliate, assuage, aid, help, 

revitalize, regenerate 

iron out, put right, straighten out - settle or put right; "we need to iron out our disagreements"

beautify, fancify, prettify, embellish - make more beautiful
fine-tune, refine, polish, down - improve or perfect by pruning or polishing; "refine one's style of writing"
distill, make pure, purify, sublimate - remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation; "purify the water". 

Get better; "The weather improved toward evening" - change state, turn - undergo a transformation or a change of position or action; "We turned from Socialism to Capitalism"; "The people turned against the President when he stole the election"
see the light, straighten out, reform - change for the better; "The lazy student promised to reform"; "the habitual cheater finally saw the light"

10. Introspection - Examining one's own thoughts and feelings; to look within; to view the inside of.
Hint: The word 'introspection' is derived from the Latin word 'intros pierce', which means 'to look into'.

Contemplation of one's own thoughts, feelings, and sensations; self-examination.

Synonyms - self-contemplation, self-examination, musing,  reflection,

 rumination, thoughtfulness, contemplation, reflexion - a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

self-analysis, soul-searching - a penetrating examination of your own beliefs and motives

examen, examination - a detailed inspection of your conscience

"He had always had his moments of quiet introspection."

Vocabulary Day 1

1.  Effluvium  -  A noxious, foul smelling order ; a harmful invisible gas 
     Hint :- The word effluvium is derived from the Latin word effluere, which means to flow out .

 Sentences using the word effluvium 

a)  I am right in the middle of nowhere! It is time to make far reaching decisions, decisions right in this thick  effluvium.

b)Androgenic alopecia is a common disorder affecting both men and women. Both androgenic alopecia and telogen effluvium can be treated with mesotherapy, with results ranging from good to excellent.

c)Abducted by a psychopath with evil intent beaten to the point of unconsciousness awakened by the sound of someone screaming in pain realizing now that you are trapped in a cage arms and legs in disarray bones have all been broken and your limbs have been displaced body in a horrible state unbearable effluvium polluting the air a nauseating stench of death maggots are all over the wallas and the floor patiently awaiting for-your flesh i love cannibal corpse's lyrics

d)Euphemism of the day: 'effluvium of tepidity', meaning, I would imagine, something akin to 'damning with faint praise'.

e)Avoid stress and taking multiple antihistamines for a long period of time. Telogen effluvium happens, yeah it kinda sucks, especially when you love your hair and all.

Medical dictionary Effluvium meaning - A Shedding, especially of hair. 

2. Anesthetic   - Something that causes the loss of sensation . 

a) After I was given the anesthetic, I don't remember anything until I woke up, at which time I was told that the operation had been a success.

3. Coiffure -  A hairstyle; a particular arrangement of a person's hair. 

a)  Wow! that is quite the coiffure that you have; i never knew you could shape your hair to be 3 feet tall. 

b) As previously mentioned finely crafted coiffures create an accepted aesthetic, which conforms to notion of beauty.

c) They must arrive in pubs on wet windy nights with their elaborate coiffures smeared in every direction.

d)Coiffured hairstyle and a beard.

e)Maybe it's that cheeky grin, or that perfectly coiffured mullet, or may be not. 

f)A carefully rendered coiffure also indicates a state of well-being.

g)You, on the other hand, a pretty good actor, seem to be sporting increasingly ridiculous coiffures.

4. Obloquy - Severe censure; overly sharp criticism, usually by many people. 

Hint -  Obloquy comes  from the Latin word obloqui, which means contradiction.  

a) His family, tho members of the church of England, were in sympathy with the Methodist movement, and suffered obloquy in consequence.

b)Robinson attracted no such obloquy: indeed she alleged that " few doubt he would read republicans better than David tremble " .

c)The passion for wealth gives a kind of spurious courage to face obloquy.

5. Temper - To make moderate; to make less severe; to calm. 

Synonyms for temper include abate, alleviate, and assuage.

• Tempered glass shelf, a pull-out drawer to store your favorite dvd / cd collection & rubber feet.
• All of these factors can result in frayed tempers from time to time.
• Tempered by sea breezes.
• She has the same independence, determination and fiery temper.
• Temper tantrums.
• Tempered with a constant realism.
• Tempering the steel.
• Temper flared, then prepare to face the consequences the next day at work.
• Tempered by the realization that china offers the world's largest untapped export market.
• Proverbs chapter 14 ( nlt ) 29 those who control their anger have great understanding; those with a hasty temperwill make mistakes.
• Temper outbursts.
• Tempered with mercy.
• His mother, noted for her volatile temper, was descended from the gordons, with their wild, bloodsoaked highland history.
• Temper flare there - our culture doesn't see these as particularly bad things.
• Tempered with considerable caution.
• At this time he began using the name powell powell had a reputation for having a violent temper.
• Someone else tried fifty-two years later but he couldn't get up the side of the rock and left in a foul temper.
• As a youngster federer had a fierce temper, breaking rackets regularly and making himself thoroughly unpopular.

6. Congeal  - To congeal is to solidify, especially by cooling, or to take shape, especially to form a satisfying whole

 to solidify or thicken by cooling or freezing

 to thicken; coagulate; jell

When runny egg yolks cool and solidify, this is an example of a time when they congeal.

When the parts of a play come together to form a cohesive whole, this is an example of a time when they congeal.

To make or become physically hard

To change or be changed from a liquid into a soft, semisolid, or solid mass

Congeal Sentence Examples

• Congealed blood lay at the bottom of his bed.
• My offerings to the gods last night - slightly congealed goat filets in a crisp golden breadcrumb jacket - obviously did the trick.
• Congealed in certain commodities, and consequently changes the value of those commodities.
• Congealed mass of material appears to emerge from a blank surface.
• The young stars may be surrounded by disks of dusty material which might eventually congeal into planets.
• Congealing mess that killed her appetite with a terrible finality.
• Congealed cheese.
• Congealed grease.

7. Preclude - To make impossible; to prevent or prohibit. 

Hint: I preclude you from going out with that boy; he is up to no good and I think that he has bad intentions.

• Preclude such ominous possibilities.
• Precludes revealing how.
• In the uk, choosing to take an iva does not necessarily preclude you from taking out a mortgage.
• Preclude also using an abortive measure: each can be part of an integrated plan.
• Preclude from consideration.
• Precluded on certain grounds.
• Precluded by law or the principal of " greater good " ) will be maintained at all times.
• Precludene was fixed in place by two flint wedges, thus precluding accidental insertion ( new scientist, 6 december 2003 ).
• Precludes delegation to any committee of the board.
• This would effectively preclude any export credits for arms deals with any developing country.
• Preclude making public operational details of that capability.
• Precludes the necessity of having to agree on names.
• However, a judgment by the queen's bench divisional court found that the act did not specifically preclude their use.
• Preclude working alone, especially in laboratory situations.
• Preclude the existence of higher rights.
• The listing of a book does not preclude its being reviewed at a later stage.
• Preclude detailed disclosure in the notes, although the amounts involved should be included in any aggregate totals provided.
• For example, should the activities of company a automatically preclude a linked but wholly separate company from being awarded public contracts?
• Preclude subsequent adoption of the other.

8. Incise -  To engrave; to make a sharp dent; to make a cut into.
Hint: The word incise is derived from the word Latin word incidere, which means to carve.

• Incise subscribers get nearly 20 % off standard prices.
• Paul, mn ) in combination with 3m ioban 2 antimicrobial incise drapes ( st.
• To help you achieve this, incise offers a complete content development, management and research service.
• Incise approach to content development for website and offline promotions is based on this simple, proven premise.
• The graves were marked by slabs incised with simple crosses.
• Incised on both sides with lines to form the outlines for horns, hind legs and paws.
• Incised by river valleys; gently undulating, rising slightly to the north.
• Only within the boulder clay of the north east are the rivers deeply incised, often within very narrow valleys of no great length.
• Incised with a cross and sword, indicating a crusader.
• Incised by river valleys; gently undulating, rising slightly to the north.
• The early series consist of untreated boulders with the decoration incised on the surface.
• Incised on oval face.
• The peritoneal reflection is then incised with the diathermy a few millimeters posterior to the " white line " .
• Incised with the double disk and z-rod, beast and mirror symbols.
• Incised valleys of the glen cloy and glenarm rivers, which extend inland from the coast.
• It has been finely incised into the bandages of Osiris.
• The river avon now runs in a channel incised into this alluvium.
• Broad leaved woodland is limited to small patches alongside steeply incised streams and abandoned meander scars cut in the glacial deposits alongside the glenelly river.
• Incised lines; a pearl is clasped in its claws.
• It comprises rolling ridges and gently incised glens which are mostly aligned in a sw-ne direction.

9. Chaff - The worthless product(s) of an activity; the outer seed cover -- usually unusable -- portion of grain.

Hint: The farmers worked long hours trying to separate the grain from the chaff.

• Chaff that the wind blows away.
• The first step, it seems, is to separate the chaff from the grain.
• A further 9 % of samples contain only glume wheat chaff.
• Chaff cutters.
• The sound of the chiff chaff is unmistakable; it sings the sound of its name.
• Chaff from the wheat.
• Yesterday i passed a field in which they were burning the chaff.
• No attempt is made to prevent random chaff from being recognized as a valid section of the message.
• Chaff house.
• A further 9 % of samples contain only glume wheat chaff.
• Chaff from the grain.
• The many enemies of jerusalem " will become like fine dust, the ruthless hordes like blown chaff.
• These are fed in very small quantities and can be fed with a low calorie chaff such as dengie hi-fi.
• Cereal by-products - wheat chaff, maize gluten feed, rice bran.
• Show me any mode for winnowing the chaff from the corn.
• Few men, perhaps, ever gave their hearers so much wheat and so little chaff.
• The results of correspondence analysis confirm the association with cereal chaff.
• A further 9 % of samples contain only glume wheat chaff.
• No real attempt has been made to sift so much chaff, in order to find how much of value may be present.
• There is only one sample that comprises just barley chaff with no grains.

10. Abscond - To go away suddenly; to leave secretly in an attempt to hide or evade a person or a thing.

Hint: I have no choice but to abscond in the middle of the night; I fear that the police is biased against my case, and so they won't believe my alibi.

• Absconding tenant a flat i let has been fully managed by an estate agent for nearly a year.
• Absconds during the trial.
• The two male occupants of the car then absconded from the vehicle with officers giving chase.
• Absconded to avoid paying their bill.
• Absconded following which the watch committee undertook an investigation into the police accounts.
• Absconds from other open prisons by foreign national prisoners during the same period.
• Abscond with the funds!
• Absconding prisoners, it's very hard to justify.
• The treasurer was a member whose legs were burned, this ensured he could not abscond with the funds!
• Absconded with the takings from a gig in 1984.
• Bickerstaffe ] , who lately absconded for a detestable crime, it is asserted, has drowned himself.
• The girl's uncle came to arrange the burial of her mother, but has since absconded with all their property.
• Abscond again.
• In the surrounding 4 streets there were another 7 families, all but 1 of which have now absconded.